The immune system’s first encounter with a virus or vaccine establishes a “starting template” that shapes its response to new ...

The immune system can work in two ways: the innate immune system reacts to any foreign invaders that are identified by immune cells that look for such pathogens; but the acquired or adaptive immune ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defence, rapidly detecting and responding to external pathogens and internal damage. Recent advances in the field have highlighted the ...

Novel research led by Brazilian scientists describes the immune system's reactions in detail in the first living patient to ...

Cancer immunotherapies, including cancer vaccines, harness and amplify the immune system’s natural ability to detect and attack cancer cells. In this illustration, immune T cells (pink) attach to a ...