Urine tests measure specific substances in your urine, such as electrolytes, proteins, and bacteria. These tests can reveal a lot about your health, particularly when gradual changes or big jumps ...

Proteinuria refers to elevated protein levels in the urine. It is not a disease but a sign that the kidneys are not correctly filtering blood, possibly due to a kidney condition. Several proteins may ...

The pH measures how acidic or alkaline a person’s urine is. Ideally, the pH of urine should be around 6.0 to 7.5, but a wider range is usually acceptable. Doctors often test the urine pH and carry out ...

When you are in good health and are well-hydrated, your urine should look clear and light yellow, like the color of straw. Cloudy urine is when your urine doesn't have its usual clear, light yellowish ...

Cloudy urine refers to pee that’s murky and no longer transparent. It can result from many underlying causes, including certain foods and drinks. Some causes of cloudy urine are harmless, while others ...

Medically reviewed by Anju Goel, MD Pyuria with white blood cells and bacteria usually indicates a urinary tract infection ...

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...

An article in The Journal of Urology addresses a frustrating feature of PSA-based prostate cancer screening, namely the fact that PSA is a fairly nonspecific marker for cancer. The authors provide a ...