Placebos typically serve as a control treatment in clinical trials to determine the efficacy of a novel intervention in a non-biased manner. Despite the widespread use of placebos in pharmaceutical ...

"Microdosing" psychedelics, taking sub-perceptual doses of substances like LSD or psilocybin, has gone from fringe experimentation to mainstream obsession. Advocates claim benefits such as enhanced ...

The placebo effect is as mythical as its “evil twin” the nocebo. What appears to be an effect is just the natural pattern of variation in disease or non-specific symptoms. This was illustrated in a ...